Out-of-Bounds Read occurs when a program reads data past the allocated boundary of a buffer. This behaviour typically arises from improper validation of input data or incorrect indexing in memory operations. By exploiting this weakness, attackers can gain unauthorised access to sensitive information, potentially leading to security violations.
Out-of-bounds write vulnerabilities (CWE-787) are among the most dangerous weaknesses in software development. If left unchecked, these vulnerabilities can have significant repercussions, including data corruption, service outages, and, in the worst cases, remote code execution.
An out-of-bounds write occurs when a program writes data outside the bounds of allocated memory, causing code compromise in the software.
Security logging involves the systematic recording of events within a system, application, or network. Monitoring, on the other hand, refers to actively reviewing and analysing these logs to detect anomalies or malicious activities.